Li Yu (李煜)(937 AD -
978 AD)
His surname is (Li), his parents gave him
the name (Yu), and when he grew up his friends called him (Chongguang). He was
born in Jiangsu Province, China.
|
李 |
It means plum tree. It is also one of the
Chinese family names. |
|
煜 |
It means to shine. It means great. |
|
重 |
It means repetition. The meaning is
double. (This word is very special. This word has two pronunciations, and the
two pronunciations represent two different meanings. Only one of them is
shown here). |
|
光 |
It means light. It is also one of the
Chinese surnames. |
He was the third king of the Southern Tang
Dynasty and one of the greatest poets in Chinese history.
After the fall of the Tang Dynasty, China
entered the era of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.
This was a chaotic period, with many
warlords setting up their own kingdoms, but the kingdoms these warlords set up
usually perished within a short period of time.
The Southern Tang Kingdom was one such
kingdom.
Li Yu's grandfather founded the Southern
Tang Kingdom in 937 AD, and Li Yu was born on 15 August of that year.
Li Yu was born in Nanjing, Jiangsu
Province, China. Nanjing was also the capital of the Southern Tang Kingdom.
Li Yu succeeded to the throne at the age of
24.
Li Yu is a kind-hearted man. He does not
agree with the theory that people should be governed by strict laws.
When he heard that people in the Southern
Tang Kingdom had to be sentenced to death for serious crimes, he would be so
sad that he would shed tears. Li Yu also cared about people's lives. He carried
out a series of tax reforms that greatly reduced people's tax burden, so people
liked him very much.
Li Yu is also a devout Buddhist and a
vegetarian.
At that time, there were many Buddhists in
the Southern Tang Kingdom. These Buddhists did not have to work or pay taxes.
Li Yu respected the Buddhists very much. He
helped these Buddhists to build many luxurious temples and donated a lot of
money to these Buddhists.
Li Yu's obsession with Buddhist beliefs
made the national power of the Southern Tang Kingdom weaker and weaker day by
day.
Li Yu's excessive superstition also became
one of the main reasons for the eventual downfall of the Southern Tang Kingdom.
In 975 AD, the army of the Song Kingdom
defeated the Southern Tang Kingdom, and the territory of the Southern Tang
Kingdom was incorporated into the Song Kingdom.
Li Yu was arrested and taken to the capital
of the Song Kingdom and placed under house arrest.
He died in the Song capital after three
years of house arrest.
He described this in the last two sentences
of the last poem he wrote before his death.
I feel very sad in my heart. If you ask me
how to describe how sad I feel, I will tell you that my sadness is like the
water in the Yangtze River in China in spring.
At that time, the water in the Yangtze
River was very abundant. The abundant river water kept flowing to the sea in
the east and never stopped.
That is how sad I am.
Dear friend, how do you feel or what do you
think after listening to this story?
Have you ever felt very sad about
something? What is your attitude to different religions?
I hope this story can give you some new
insights.
李煜(Li Yu)(西元937年-西元978年)
他的姓是(李)，他的父母給他取的名字是(煜)，長大後朋友稱呼他的名字是(重光)，他出生地位於在中國的江蘇省。
|
李 |
意思是李子樹的意思。也是中國人的姓氏之一。 |
|
煜 |
意思是照耀的意思。意思是盛大的意思。 |
|
重 |
意思是重複的意思。意思是雙重的意思。(這個字比較特殊，這個字有兩個讀音，兩個讀音代表兩種不同的意思。這邊只表示其中一種。) |
|
光 |
意思是光明的意思。也是中國人的姓氏之一。 |
他是南唐王國的第三任國王，他是中國歷史上最偉大的詩人之一。
中國唐王朝滅亡之後，進入了五代十國的年代。
這是一個混亂的年代，有許多軍閥建立了屬於自己的王國，但這些軍閥所建立的王國通常也都在很短的時間內滅亡。
南唐王國就是其中一個王國。
李煜的祖父在西元937年建立了南唐王國，那一年的8月15日李煜出生。
李煜出生的地方在現在中國的江蘇省的南京市，南京市也是南唐王國的首都。
李煜在24歲的時候繼任成為國王。
李煜是一個個性仁慈的人，他不認同應該用很嚴厲的法律去管理百姓的理論。
當他聽到南唐王國中有百姓因為犯下重罪而必須處以死刑時，他都會難過到流下眼淚。李煜也很關心百姓的生活，他推行了一連串的稅務改革，百姓的稅務負擔因此減少了很多，所以百姓們都很喜歡他。
李煜還是一個虔誠的佛教徒，他是一個素食主義者，
當時南唐王國內有很多佛教徒，這些佛教徒不用工作，不用繳稅。
李煜很尊敬些佛教徒，他幫這些佛教徒蓋了很多很豪華的寺廟，他捐獻了很多錢給這些佛教徒。
李煜對於佛教信仰的癡迷讓南唐王國的國力一天比一天更弱。
李煜得太過迷信也成了後來南唐王國的滅亡的重要原因之一。
西元975年，宋王國的軍隊戰勝了南唐王國，南唐王國的領土被納入宋王國的版
李煜被逮捕並且被抓到宋王國的首都並且軟禁。
被軟禁的三年後，他死在宋王國的首都。
他在生命的終了前他寫下的最後一首詩的最後兩句話這樣描寫。
我的心中感到非常的哀愁啊。如果你問我我要如何形容我有多麼的悲傷，那麼我告訴你，我的哀愁就像是春天的中國的長江中的河水一樣。
這個時期的長江的水量非常的充沛，這些充沛的河水的不停地向東邊的大海流去而且永遠不會停止。
我哀愁的程度就像是這樣。
親愛的朋友，你聽完這個故事有怎樣的感受或有怎樣的想法呢。
你曾經因為什麼事情感到極度哀愁嗎?你對於各種不同的宗教的態度是怎樣的呢?
我希望這故事能讓你產生一些新的收穫。
出處為李煜-虞美人
出處為陸游-南唐書-卷3
https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%99%B8%E6%B0%8F%E5%8D%97%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B703
出處為江南野史-卷3